![]() ![]() Once the voltage exceeds the dielectric strength of the gases, the gases become ionized. Initially no current can flow because the fuel and air in the gap is an insulator, but as the voltage rises further it begins to change the structure of the gases between the electrodes. As current flows from the coil, a voltage develops between the central and side electrodes. The plug is connected to the high voltage generated by an ignition coil or magneto. The function of a spark plug is to produce a spark at the required time to ignite the combustible mixture. Early manufacturers of spark plugs included American company Champion, British company Lodge brothers and London-based KLG (who pioneed the use of mica as an insulator).ĭuring the 1930s, American geologist Helen Blair Bartlett developed an alumina ceramic-based insulator for the spark plug. However, the use of high-voltage spark plugs in commercial viable engines was only made possible after the 1908 invention of magneto-based ignition systems by Bosch engineer Gottlob Honold in 1902. Several patents for spark plugs were filed in 1898, including from Serbian engineer Nikola Tesla, British engineer Frederick Richard Simms (British patent number 24859/1898) and German engineer Robert Bosch (British patent number 26907/1898). However, some historians claim that the spark plug was invented in 1839 by Edmond Berger, an immigrant from Togo. History īelgian-French engineer Étienne Lenoir is generally credited with the invention of the spark plug in 1860, due to its use in the early Lenoir gas engine. ![]() In this case, they are sometimes referred to as flame igniters. Spark plugs may also be used in other applications such as furnaces wherein a combustible fuel/air mixture must be ignited. Spark plugs may also be used for other purposes in Saab Direct Ignition when they are not firing, spark plugs are used to measure ionization in the cylinders – this ionic current measurement is used to replace the ordinary cam phase sensor, knock sensor and misfire measurement function. The central electrode protrudes through the porcelain insulator into the combustion chamber, forming one or more spark gaps between the inner end of the central electrode and usually one or more protuberances or structures attached to the inner end of the threaded shell and designated the side, earth, or ground electrode(s). The spark plug's metal shell is screwed into the engine's cylinder head and thus electrically grounded. The central electrode, which may contain a resistor, is connected by a heavily insulated wire to the output terminal of an ignition coil or magneto. A spark plug has a metal threaded shell, electrically isolated from a central electrode by a ceramic insulator. A spark plug (sometimes, in British English, a sparking plug, and, colloquially, a plug) is a device for delivering electric current from an ignition system to the combustion chamber of a spark-ignition engine to ignite the compressed fuel/air mixture by an electric spark, while containing combustion pressure within the engine. ![]()
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